1st Edition
The Integration Debate Competing Futures For American Cities
Racial integration, and policies intended to achieve greater integration, continue to generate controversy in the United States, with some of the most heated debates taking place among long-standing advocates of racial equality.
Today, many nonwhites express what has been referred to as "integration exhaustion" as they question the value of integration in today’s world. And many whites exhibit what has been labeled "race fatigue," arguing that we have done enough to reconcile the races. Many policies have been implemented in efforts to open up traditionally restricted neighborhoods, while others have been designed to diversify traditionally poor, often nonwhite, neighborhoods. Still, racial segregation persists, along with the many social costs of such patterns of uneven development.
This book explores both long-standing and emerging controversies over the nation’s ongoing struggles with discrimination and segregation. More urgently, it offers guidance on how these barriers can be overcome to achieve truly balanced and integrated living patterns.
Acknowledgments
1) "Integration Exhaustion, Race Fatigue, and the American Dream" 1
Chester Hartman, Poverty & Race Research Action Council and
Gregory D. Squires, George Washington University
2) "Welcome to the Neighborhood? The Persistence of Discrimination and 16 Segregation"
Shanna Smith and Cathy Cloud, National Fair Housing Alliance
3) "From Segregation to Integration: How Do We Get There?" 40
Nancy A. Denton, University at Albany, SUNY
4) "Creating and Protecting Pro-Integration Programs Under the Fair 66
Housing Act"
John Relman, Glenn Schlactus, and Shalini Goel,
Relman & Dane lawfirm
5) "Achieving Integration Through Private Litigation" 89
Michael P. Seng and F. Willis Caruso, The John Marshall Law School
6) "Constitutional and Statutory Mandates for Residential Racial Integration 117
and The Validity of Race-Conscious Affirmative Action to Achieve It"
Florence Wagman Roisman, Indiana University School of Law
7) "Housing Mobility: A Civil Right" 159
Elizabeth K. Julian and Demetria McCain, Inclusive Communities Project
8) "Desegregated Schools With Segregated Education" 185
William A. Darity, Jr., Duke University and Alicia Jolla,
City of Charlotte, North Carolina
9) "The Effects of Housing Market Discrimination on Earnings Inequality" 213
Samuel L. Myers, Jr., University of Minnesota, Kris Marsh,
University of Maryland, and William A. Darity, Jr., Duke University
10) "Racial/Ethnic Integration and Child Health Disparities" 234
Dolores Acevedo-Garcia, Harvard School of Public Health, Theresa L. Osypuk, Northeastern University Bouvé College of Health Sciences, and Nancy McArdle, Harvard School of Public Health
11) "Integration, Segregation, and the Racial Wealth Gap" 268
George Lipsitz and Melvin L. Oliver, University of California, Santa Barbara
12) "Two-Tiered Justice: Race, Class, and Crime Policy" 295
Marc Mauer, The Sentencing Project
13) "Residential Mobility, Neighborhoods and Poverty: Results from the 322
Chicago Gautreaux Program and the Moving to Opportunity Experiment"
Stephanie DeLuca, Johns Hopkins University and James E. Rosenbaum,
Northwestern University
14) "The Ghetto Game: Apartheid and the Developer’s Imperative in Post- 344
Industrial American Cities"
Mindy Thompson Fullilove, Lourdes Hernandez-Cordero, and Robert E. Fullilove, Columbia University School of Public Health
15) "The Myth of Concentrated Poverty" 368
Stephen Steinberg, Queens College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York
16) "Integration: Solving the Wrong Problem" 398
Janet L. Smith, University of Illinois at Chicago
17) "The Legacy of Segregation: Smashing Through the Generations" 430
Roger Wilkins, George Mason University
Contributors 458
Index
Biography
Chester Hartman is Director of Research for the Washington, DC-based Poverty & Race Research Action Council. He is also founder and former Chair of The Planners Network, a national organization of progressive urban planners. His most recent books include City for Sale: The Transformation of San Francisco, Between Eminence and Notoriety: Four Decades of Radical Urban Planning, and A Right to Housing: Foundation for a New Social Agenda.
Gregory D. Squires is a Professor of Sociology, and Public Policy and Public Administration at George Washington University. Previously, he worked for the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights and HUD and served as a member of the Federal Reserve Board’s Consumer Advisory Council. He has published several books on civil rights issues and has written for many academic and general interest publications, including the New York Times, Washington Post, Housing Policy Debate, and Urban Studies.
"Drawing together writings by academic and professional experts from fields including law, education, public health, criminal justice and public policy, The Integration Debate is an eye-opening examination of the policy, legal and historical foundations of efforts to achieve more balanced living patterns in the United States." -- Next American City, 2010
"This excellent collection of articles highlights a fundamental truth about American society; namely, that our underlying social problem is not segregation per se, but racism...The Integration Debate makes an important contribution to the long debate over the nature and impact of segregation." -- Journal of the American Planning Association, Winter 2010, Vol. 76, No. 1
"This information-rich volume contains 17 chapters from some of the nation's leading scholars, activists, lawyers, and others offering their opinions and research findings about racial and ethnic discrimination regarding the politics of discrimination and segregation, including legal ramifications and findings for achieving more integration of racial and ethnic minorities in major US cities...this very current compendium is useful for anyone interested in urban development (such as housing and urban neighborhoods and communities), race, and ethnic relations (especially with regard to poverty, discrimination, and integration). Summing Up: Recommended." -- Choice, June 2010