The result of decades of research and international project experience, Multimedia Communications and Networking provides authoritative insight into recent developments in multimedia, digital communications, and networking services and technologies. Supplying you with the required foundation in these areas, it illustrates the means that will allow for improved digital communications and networks.
The book starts with a review of the fundamental concepts, requirements, and constraints in networks and telecommunications. It describes channel disturbances that can hinder system performance—including noise, attenuation, distortion, and interferences—and provides transmission techniques for mitigating these limitations. Analyzing both cable and wireless transmission mediums, the book describes the network protocol architecture concept and includes coverage of twisted pairs, coaxial and optical fiber cables, wireless propagation, satellite communications, and terrestrial microwave systems. Facilitating the understanding required to participate in the development of current and next generation networks and services, this comprehensive reference:
- Examines the range of network interconnections and WAN/MAN technologies, including synchronous optical networks (SONET), synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH), and third and next generation cellular systems (3G and 4G)
- Describes local area network (LAN) theory and technology, including data link layers and virtual LANs
- Explores network and transport layers, such as addressing, routing protocols, and IPv4 and IPv6 algorithms
- Covers TCP/IP services and applications
- Investigates different authentication and cryptographic systems, including digital signature, SSL, TLS, IPSEC, and public key infrastructure
Walking you through the planning, design, and development of multimedia, telecommunications, and networking systems, the book provides a quick and easy way to develop and refine the skills required in the field. It clearly explains the principles and corresponding techniques you need to know to implement network security. The many examples and end-of-chapter questions also make it suitable for undergraduate and graduate-level computer science and electrical engineering courses.
An Introduction to Multimedia Communications and Networking
Fundamentals of Communications
Analog and Digital Signals
Modulator and Demodulator
Transmission Mediums
Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication Systems
Simplex and Duplex Communications
Communications and Networks
Switching Modes
Circuit Switching
Packet Switching
Connection Modes
Connection Oriented
Connectionless
Network Coverage Areas
Network Topologies
Classification of Media and Traffic
Present and Future of Telecommunications
The Convergence
Collaborative Era of the Network Applications
Transition Toward the Collaborative Era
References
End of Chapter Questions
Network Protocol Architectures
Open System Interconnection–Reference Model
The Seven Layer Open System Interconnection–Reference Model
Physical Layer
Data Link Layer
Network Layer
Transport Layer
Session Layer
Presentation Layer
Application Layer
The Service Access Point
An Overview of Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Architecture
Application Layer
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Data Link Layer
Physical Layer
References
End of Chapter Questions
Channel Impairments
Attenuation
Noise Sources
Atmospheric Noise
Man-Made Noise
Extraterrestrial Noise
Thermal Noise
Electronic Noise
The Influence of the Transmission Channel
Delay and Phase Shift
Distortion
Equalization
Interference Sources
Intersymbol Interference
Nyquist Intersymbol Interference Criterion
Multiple Access Interference
Co-Channel Interference
Adjacent Channel Interference
References
End of Chapter Questions
Cable Transmission Mediums
Characteristics
Types of Protection
Categories
Coaxial Cables
Characteristics
Optical Fibers
Characteristics
Categories
References
End of Chapter Questions
Wireless Transmission Mediums
Direct Wave Propagation
Free Space Path Loss
Link Budget Calculations
Carrier-to-Noise Ratio Calculations
Wireless Propagation Effects
Reflection
Diffraction
Scattering
Fading
Shadowing Fading
Multipath Fading
Groundwave Propagation
Ionospheric Propagation
Satellite Communication Systems
Physical Analysis of Satellite Orbits
Characteristics of Different Orbits
Geostationary Earth Orbit
Medium and Low Earth Orbit
Highly Elliptical Orbit
Satellite’s Link Budget Analysis
Terrestrial Microwave Systems
References
End of Chapter Questions
Source Coding and Transmission Techniques
Voice
Analog Audio
Digital Audio
Video
Analog Video
Digital Video
Line Coding
Return to Zero
Non-Return to Zero
Non-Return to Zero Inverted
Bipolar Alternate Mark Inversion
Pseudoternary
Manchester
Differential Manchester
Two Binary One Quaternary
Modulation Schemes
Amplitude Shift Keying
Frequency Shift Keying
Phase Shift Keying
Multilevel Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Constellations
Coding Efficiency of a Symbol
Scrambling of Signals
Multiplexing
Frequency Division Multiplexing
Time Division Multiplexing
References
End of Chapter Questions
Advanced Transmission Techniques to Support Current and Emergent Multimedia Services
Spread Spectrum Communications
Code Division Multiple Access
General Model
Narrowband CDMA
Wideband CDMA
Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing
Single Carrier–Frequency Domain Equalization
Iterative Block-Decision Feedback Equalizer Receivers
Diversity Combining Algorithms
Selection Combining
Maximal Ratio Combining
Equal Gain Combining
MSE-Based Combining
RAKE Receiver
Multiple Input Multiple Output
Space-Time Block Coding
Open/Closed-Loop Techniques for Flat Fading
Open-Loop Techniques
Closed-Loop Techniques
Multilayer Transmission
System Description of the V-BLAST Scheme Applied to WCDMA Signals
Space Division Multiple Access
Beamforming
Multiresolution Transmission Schemes
Hierarchical QAM Constellations
Macrodiversity
Multihop Relays
References
End of Chapter Questions
Cellular Communications
Macrocell
Microcell
Picocell
Femtocell
Power Control
Evolution of Cellular Systems
UMTS
Long-Term Evolution
WiMAX-IEEE802.16
Fourth Generation of Cellular Communications
References
End of Chapter Questions
Transport Networks
FDM Hierarchy
Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
Synchronous Digital Hierarchies
SDH/SONET Network
SDH/SONET Frame Format
Digital Subscriber Line
Data over Cable Service Interface Specification
Packet-Switching Transport Networks
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
The B-ISDN Reference Model
ATM Network
ATM Cell Format
Multiprotocol Label Switching
The MPLS Network
MPLS Packet Format
References
End of Chapter Questions
Data Link Layer
The Hub
The Bridge
The Switch
Spanning Tree Protocol
Logical Link Control SubLayer
Error Control Techniques
Hamming Distance
Error Detection Codes
Error Correction Codes
Automatic Repeat Request
Stop and Wait Automatic Repeat Request
Go Back N Automatic Repeat Request
Selective Reject Automatic Repeat Request
Flow Control Techniques
Stop and Wait
Sliding Window
Link and Network Control Protocols
Logical Link Control Protocols
High Level Data Link Control Protocol
Point-to-Point Protocol
IEEE 802.2 Protocol
Medium Access Control Sublayer
Medium Access Control Protocols
IEEE 802.3 Protocol
Maximum Collision Domain Diameter
Physical Layer Used in IEEE 802.3 Networks
IEEE 802.5 Protocol
Fiber Distribution Data Interface Protocol
IEEE 802.11 Protocol
Digital Video Broadcast Standard
Virtual Local Area Networks
References
End of Chapter Questions
Network Layer
Internet Protocol Version 4 Classfull Addressing
Internet Protocol Version 4 Classless Addressing
Network and Port Address Translation
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Internet Protocol Version 4 Datagram
Internet Protocol Version 6
Internet Protocol Version 6 Addressing
Internet Protocol Version 6 Packet
Routing
Routing Algorithms and Protocols
Distance Vector Protocols
Link State Protocols
Dijkstra’s Algorithm
Administrative and Metric Distances
Internet Control Message Protocol
Fragmentation and Reassembling
Cisco Internetwork Operating System
Introduction to Cisco Internetwork Operating System
Basic Configuration of Routers and Switches
Configuration Mode
Line Configuration Submode
Interface Configuration Submode
Network Configuration in Routers
Static Route Configuration
Routing Information Protocol Configuration
Open Shortest Path First Configuration
Configuration of Virtual Local Area Networks
References
End of Chapter Questions
Transport Layer
User Datagram Protocol
Integrated and Differentiated Service
Integrated Services
Differentiated Services
References
End of Chapter Questions
Services and Applications
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Electronic Mail
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
File Transfer
File Transfer Protocol
Internet Protocol Telephony and Internet Protocol Videoteleconference
H.323
Session Initiation Protocol
Network Management
Simple Network Management Protocol
Names Resolution
Domain Name Server
References
End of Chapter Questions
Network Security
Security Services
Confidentiality
Eavesdropping
Snooping
Interception
Integrity
Man-in-the-Middle
Availability
Denial of Service
Authenticity
Replay Attack
Accountability
Identification
Authentication
Authorization
Access Control
Monitoring
Registration
Auditing
Risk Management
Protective Measures
Symmetric Cryptography
Symmetric Cryptographic Systems
Asymmetric Cryptography
Digital Signature
Digital Certificates
Public Key Infrastructure
Hybrid Cryptography
Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security
Security Architecture for IP
Network Architectures
Virtual Private Networks
References
End of Chapter Questions
Annex A
Annex B
Annex C
Index
Biography
Mario Marques da Silva is a professor at Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa (CESITI) and at Escola Naval Portuguesa (CINAV). He is a researcher at the Portuguese Instituto de Telecomunicações. He received his BSc in electrical engineering in 1992 and MSc and PhD degrees in telecommunications/electrical engineering, respectively, in 1999 and 2005, both from the Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Between 2005 and 2008, he was with NATO Air Command Control & Management Agency (NACMA) in Brussels (Belgium), where he managed the deployable communications of the new Air Command and Control System Program. He has been involved in several telecommunications projects, either as a researcher or as project leader, including involvement in activities such as research, architecture, development, analysis, simulation and testing of networking, HF, V/UHF, satellite and cellular/UMTS communications systems. His research interests include networking (e.g., TCP/IP, network security, mobile ad-hoc networking) and mobile communications, including block transmission techniques (OFDM, SC-FDE), WCDMA, multiuser detection, interference cancellation, space–time coding, MIMO systems, smart and adaptive antennas, channel estimation, and software-defined radio. He is the author of Transmission Techniques for Emergent Multicast and Broadcast Systems (CRC Press) and of several dozen journal and conference papers. Mario Marques da Silva is member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and a member of Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association (AFCEA), as well as a reviewer of many international scientific journals and conferences.