1st Edition

An Archaeology of Persecuted Peoples Religion and Hate in the Mountains of Asia

By Sandra Scham Copyright 2025
    312 Pages 12 B/W Illustrations
    by Routledge

    This book examines the pasts and presents of the world’s most persecuted peoples for the answers to the  question of why minorities living in Asia’s Highlands, with ancient roots in their homelands, have been continually oppressed by both historical and modern governments.

    The role of religious beliefs and practices is crucial to their story of isolation, tenacity, and resistance in the mountains of Asia. The Rohingya, Uyghurs, Hazara, Yazidis, Armenians and Samaritans were among the earliest adopters of Monotheist Religions in their respective regions. The chapters devoted to each of these ethno-religious minorities explore the archaeological evidence for their millennia-old presence in South, East and West Asia, their historical trajectories and the more recent events that have decimated their populations and destroyed their lives. Examining both the parochial and universalist roots of their beliefs and practices as they evolved from the Axial Age teachings of Zoroaster, the Israelite prophets, and Ancient Greek Philosophers, the book explains how the people of the Arakan, Tienshan, Hazarajat, Sinjar, Taurus, and Gerizim mountains came to be regarded as perennial enemies of empires and nations.

    This book employs history, archaeology, genetic research, and anthropology to analyze these highland cultures.  It is for scholars and students who are interested in the distinctive and resilient histories of these remarkable indigenous peoples.

    I. Introduction: Mountains, Violence and Axial Religions; 1. In the Lion’s Land; 2. Mountain Cultures; 3. Mountain Conflicts; 4. Mountain Transformations; II.  Embattled Highland Minorities; 5. Monsters of Arakan; 6. The Dragon and the Wolf; 7. Heirs of the Great Khan; 8. Devil Worshippers of Sinjar; 9. The View from Ararat; 10. The Last Israelites; III. Conclusion; 11. Faith, Hate and the State; 12. Turmoil in the Mountains of the Lord

    Biography

    Sandra Scham is an anthropologist and archaeologist. She is currently an Instructor in the Graduate Program of the Center for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism at the University of Maryland. She has worked on projects for USAID and the Department of State since 2008 in Asia and the Middle East. She has published over one hundred articles and has co-edited two books. Her previous published books for Routledge are Extremism: Ancient and Modern and Inside Affirmative Action.