The only text to provide in-depth illustrations of the normal and abnormal fetal anatomy on MR imaging, this guide includes chapters highlighting the state-of-the-science in the imaging of the fetal skull, face, neck, nervous system, chest, abdomen, and musculoskeletal system. Discussing applications at the forefront of the discipline, this reference studies data gleaned from MR examinations of maternal and fetal health, reviews common fast imaging techniques, details pitfalls related to fetal MR imaging, and analyzes methods for improving image resolution.
I. A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF SENSITIVITY AND UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS METHODS FOR LARGE-SCALE SYSTEMS
STATISTICAL METHODS
Introduction
Sampling-Based Methods
Reliability Algorithms: FORM and SORM
Variance-Based Methods
Design of Experiments and Screening Design Methods
DETERMINISTIC METHODS
Deterministic Methods for Local Sensitivity Analysis
Deterministic Methods for Local Uncertainty Analysis
Deterministic Methods for Extending the Use of
Local Sensitivities; Global Deterministic
Sensitivity Analysis
COMPUTATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
II. APPLICATIONS OF THE ADJOINT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS PROCEDURE (ASAP) TO TWO-PHASE FLOW SYSTEMS
ASAP FOR GENERIC TWO-PHASE FLOW PROBLEMS
Basic One-Dimensional Two-Phase Flow Equations
The Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Procedure (ASAP)
Characteristic of the Adjoint Sensitivity System
Illustrative Example: The Homogeneous Equilibrium
Model (HEM) for Two-Phase Flow
ASAP FOR THE RELAP/MOD. TWO-FLUID MODEL (REL/TF)
The RELAP/MOD. Two-Fluid Model
ASAP of the Two-Fluid Model in RELAP/MOD.
Consistency between the Differential/Integral And the Discretized Equations/Models for
Sensitivity Analysis
Validation of the Adjoint Sensitivity Model (ASM-REL/TF)
Sensitivities of Thermodynamic Properties of Water
III. FORWARD AND ADJOINT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS PROCEDURES FOR AUGMENTED SYSTEMS
THEORETICAL BASIS FOR THE ASAP FOR AUGMENTED SYSTEMS
Sensitivity Analysis of the Primary (Nonaugmented) System
Sensitivity Analysis of the Augmented System
Discussion: Constructing the Augmented Adjoint Sensitivity Model from the Original Adjoint Sensitivity Model and Viceversa
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: ASAP FOR THE COUPLED TWO-FLUID WITH HEAT STRUCTURES MODEL IN RELAP/MOD. (REL/TF+HS)
ASM-REL/TFH: The Augmented Two-Fluid/Heat Structure Adjoint Sensitivity Model
Summary Description of the QUENCH- Experiment
IV. FORWARD AND ADJOINT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS PROCEDURES FOR RESPONSES DEFINED AT CRITICAL POINTS
FSAP AND ASAP FOR RESPONSES AT CRITICAL POINTS: GENERAL THEORY
The Forward Sensitivity Analysis Procedure (FSAP)
The Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Procedure (ASAP)
Discussion
Illustrative Example: A Simple Particle Diffusion Problem
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: ASAP FOR THE MAXIMUM CLAD TEMPERATURE PREDICTED BY A REACTOR
SAFETY CODE
V. USING THE ASAP TO GAIN NEW INSIGHTS INTO PARADIGM ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES PROBLEMS
A PARADIGM RADIATIVE-CONVECTIVE MODEL (RCM) OF THE ATMOSPHERE
APPLYING THE ASAP FOR EFFICIENT AND EXHAUSTIVE SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF THE RCM
PHYSICAL INTERPRETATION OF SOLUTIONS, EIGENVALUES, AND EIGENVECTORS OF THE ADJOINT SENSITIVITY SYSTEM FOR ATMOSPHERIC MODELS
Physical Interpretation of the Adjoint Functions
Interpretation of Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors Associated with the Adjoint Functions
Numerical Efficiency
EFFICIENT ESTIMATION OF FEEDBACK EFFECTS FOR CLIMATE MODELS
AN ISENTROPIC TWO-LAYER MODEL FOR NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION
APPLYING THE ASAP FOR EFFICIENT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF BLOCKING INDEXES IN THE TWO-LAYER ISENTROPIC MODEL
Blocking Index in Physical Space
Blocking Index in Spectral Space
Illustrative Sensitivity Analysis Results
Computational Costs
VI. ADJOINT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS PROCEDURE FOR OPERATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
ADJOINT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS PROCEDURE (ASAP) FOR THE EARTH’S RADIATION BUDGET IN THE NCEP MEDIUM-RANGE FORECASTING MODEL
Derivation and Verification of the Adjoint Sensitivity
Model Corresponding to the NCEP Nonlinear Radiation Model
Illustrative Sensitivity Analysis Results
FSU-GSM FORECAST ERROR SENSITIVITY TO INITIAL CONDITIONS: APPLICATION TO INDIAN SUMMER MONSOON
Modeling the Nominal Conditions on June , with the FSU GSM
Illustrative Sensitivity Analysis Results
SENSITIVITY TO LARGE-SCALE ENVIRONMENTAL FIELDS OF THE RELAXED ARAKAWA-SCHUBERT PARAMETRIZATION IN THE NASA GEOS- GCM
Sensitivity Analysis of the GEOS- GCM
Using the ASAP
The RAS Parameterization Scheme in GEOS- GCM
Sensitivity Analysis Results
REFERENCES
INDEX
Biography
Deborah Levine
"…a great book without any real competition. For those already performing MRI, there will be useful tips and explanatory images to increase their understanding. For those just beginning to explore fetal MRI, this book provides all the relevant information needed to get started."
-Pediatric Radiology
"…an excellent, well-devised pictorial journey through much of normal fetal development and select fetal anomalies…the images display beautiful anatomy. Follow-up postnatal images on select cases add to reader satisfaction. I thoroughly enjoyed this book."
-Doody's Reviews