10th Edition
Deculturalization and the Struggle for Equality A Brief History of the Education of Dominated Cultures in the United States
Joel Spring’s history of school policies imposed on dominated groups in the United States examines the concept of deculturalization—the use of schools to strip away family languages and cultures and replace them with those of the dominant group. The focus is on the education of dominated groups forced to become citizens in territories conquered by the United States, including Native Americans, African Americans, Asian Americans, Latino Americans, and Hawaiians.
In seven concise, thought-provoking chapters, this analysis and documentation of how education is used to change or eliminate linguistic and cultural traditions in the United States looks at the educational, legal, and social construction of race and racism in the United States, emphasizing the various meanings of “equality” that have existed from colonial America to the present. Providing a broader perspective for understanding the denial of cultural and linguistic rights in the United States, issues of language, culture, and deculturalization are placed in a global context.
Revised throughout to reflect the national events and shifts in the field since the prior edition, the 10th Edition includes updated discussion around race and its impacts on college campuses, exploration of the refugee crises, new material on Native American, Alaskan, and Hawaiian boarding schools, and expanded discussion of debates over cultural and racial identity.
Preface
1. Deculturalization, Race and Ethnicity, Attitudes of Cultural and Racial Superiority
Classifying Race and Ethnicity in the United States
The Meaning of White
Origins of Western Attitudes of Cultural Superiority: The Meaning of “Uncivilized” and “Pagan”
Anglo-Saxon Concepts of Cultural and Religious Superiority
Globalization: Denial of Education, Deculturalization and Acculturation
World Refugees
Education and Creation of an Anglo-American Culture
The Meaning of Equality
Genocide and Deculturalization: Native and Alaskan Americans
Early Native American Educational Programs Schooling and the Colonization of the “Five Civilized Tribes”
Interpreting American History: The 1776 Commission and the 1619 Project
Conclusion
2. Native Americans/Alaskan Natives: Institutional Racism and Deculturalization
The World’s Indigenous Peoples
Early Attempts to Deculturalize Native Americans: Missionary Educators
Thomas L. Mckenney: The Cultural Power of Schooling and Deculturalization
Native American Development of Written Languages
Alaskan Natives: Buying “uncivilized” Tribes
Indian Removal and Civilization Programs
Native Americans: Reservations and Boarding Schools
Alaskan Natives and Mt. Edgecumbe Boarding School
The Meriam Report
Native American Citizenship
Burial Grounds: Investigation of Native American, Alaskan and Hawaiian Boarding Schools
Conclusion
3. African Americans: Globalization and the African Diaspora
African Diaspora and Slavery
Cultural Transformation and the Forced Migration of Enslaved Africans
Atlantic Creoles
Slavery and Cultural Change in The North
Freedom in Northern States
Educational Segregation
Boston and the Struggle for Equal Educational Opportunity
Plantation Society
Learning to Read
Citizenship for African Americans
Fourteenth Amendment: Citizenship and Education
The Great Literacy Crusade
Resisting Segregation
The Second Crusade
Conclusion
4. Asian Americans: Exclusion and Segregation
Globalization and Diaspora: Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Indian
Asian Diaspora to the United States
Citizenship
Education: From Coolie to Model Minority and Gook
Educating the Coolie, Deviant, and Yellow Peril
Institutional Racism
Affirmative Action and Asian Students
Conclusion
5. Hispanic/Latino/Latina/Latinx Americans: Exclusion and Segregation
What’s in a Name?
Hispanic/Latino/Latinx Population in the United States
Conquest and Deculturalization: Mexico and Puerto Rico
The Conquest of Mexican Lands and Mexican American Citizenship
Issues Regarding Puerto Rican Citizenship
Mexican American Educational Issues
Early Bilingual Instruction
Protest Against Mexican American School Experience
Puerto Rican Educational Issues
Methods of Deculturalization and Americanization
Conclusion
6. The Great Civil Rights Movement and the New Culture Wars
Globalization: The Great Civil Rights Movement and Wars of Liberation
Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr.
Native Americans
Indian Education: A National Tragedy
Asian Americans: Educating The “Model Minority”
Asian Americans: Language and the Continued Struggle for Equal Educational Opportunity
Hispanic/Latino Americans
Bilingual Education: The Culture Wars Continued
Multicultural Education, Immigration and the Culture Wars Cultural and Linguistic Genocide, and Educational Segregation, Are Still Alive in The Twenty-First Century
Native and Alaskan Education Today
The Continuing African American Struggle for Equal Education: Institutional Racism
Institutional Racism: Hispanic/Latino
Conclusion
7. Model Students, Religion, White Supremacy and Corporate Culture
Asians: The Model Minority
Affirmative Action and Asian Students
Religion in United States
Immigration to the United States
The Effect of Immigration on Schools
Are Native Americans Reclaiming Their Lands?
Resegregation of American Schools
What are the Consequences of Segregation for Low-Achieving Students?
White Supremacy
Corporate Culture: Soft Skills
The Ideal Corporate Family Culture
Deculturalization for a Global Corporation
Conclusion
Biography
Joel Spring is Professor Emeritus at Queens College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, USA.
“Deculturalization and the Struggle for Equality is a foundational text for teaching about the history of indigenous and Americans of color in the United States. I will continue to use this text and recommend it for as long as I teach.”
Lillian Castaneda, California State University Channel Islands, USA.
"This book provides our students with a range of cultures to learn about and explore. It provides such great context on deculturalization and privilege which has created institutions that have systemic racism. Dr. Spring notes the great weight that systemic racism has impacted our education system, even today."
Lori Lucas, Wayne State University, USA.
