1st Edition
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) in Trauma and Disease
First isolated as a chemical compound by a Russian chemist in 1866, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) proved to be a near-perfect solvent for decades before its remarkable biological and medical activities were discovered. DMSO is one of the most prodigious agents ever to come out of the world of drug development. Its wide range of biological actions involving plants, animals, and humans has led to the publication of tens of thousands of articles in the scientific literature.
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) in Trauma and Disease examines the major clinical uses of DMSO in humans as supported by basic evidence derived from experiments in animals, including its effects in disorders such as osteoarthritis, interstitial cystitis, gastrointestinal inflammatory changes, scleroderma, respiratory distress, myasthenia gravis, cardiac disease, traumatic brain injury, and Alzheimer’s disease.
The effects of DMSO on pain, cancer, stroke, and spinal cord injury are also discussed. The book explores how its chemical structure is able to react and deactivate toxic molecules generated by DNA damage, free radical formation, inflammation, oxidation, and infection. For the first time, the collective data on the biological, chemical, and medical actions of DMSO are presented and analyzed from the published scientific literature.
Clearly written, the book incorporates easy-to-understand scientific descriptions that appeal both to health care professionals and the millions of people worldwide who have used DMSO for an assortment of ailments as a prescriptive or off-label medication.
Chemistry of DMSO
Chemical Structure and Properties of DMSO
DMSO Solvation and Chemical Activity
Protein Folding
Permeability Enhancement
DMSO as a Chemical Chaperone
DMSO as an Electrolyte
Cryoprotection
DMSO in the Sea and the Atmosphere
References
DMSO in Basic Pharmacology
Absorption, Fate, and Excretion of DMSO
Penetration
Chemical Chaperones
DMSO as a Pain Medication
Anti-Inflammatory
Prostaglandins
Cardiac Disease
Ulcerative Colitis
Skin Penetrant
Wound Healing
Burns and Scar Tissue
Respiratory Stimulation
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Experimental Blunt Chest Trauma
Autophagy
Diuresis
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Solvent Action
Veterinary Uses
Teratology and LD
Ocular Effects
Intrawound Administration of DMSO
References
DMSO Clinical Pharmacology
DMSO in Disease
Pain
Interstitial Cystitis
Gastrointestinal Disorders
Autoimmune Disorders
Respiration
Amyloidosis and Scleroderma
Thromboembolic Events
Platelet Deaggregation and Free Radical Scavenging
Tissue Factor and Inflammation
Clinical Toxicology
References
DMSO in Genetics
Protection from Ionizing Radiation
DMSO Protection of Single- and Double-Stranded DNA Breaks
DMSO in Cellular Differentiation
Cancer Stem Cells and Differentiation
References
DMSO in Basic Microbiology
DMSO in Bacterial Infections
DMSO and Pathogens
DMSO in Viral and Fungal Pathology
References
DMSO in Clinical Microbiology
How Bacteria Achieve Antibiotic Resistance
DMSO in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
References
DMSO in Malignancy
DMSO and Neoplasia
Friend Leukemia Cells
HL-60 Human Cell Line
Metastatic Liver Disease
DMSO Combined with Anticancer Agents
DMSO in Extravasation
Cancer and Radiation
Onyx Embolization
References
DMSO in Basic Neuroprotection
Brain Trauma Overview
Secondary Injury and Ischemic Penumbral Neurons
DMSO in Experimental Brain Trauma
Free Radicals in Brain Injury
Cerebral Hemodynamic Function in Brain Injury
Prostaglandins
Tissue Factor
Cerebral Blood Flow
Concussions
DMSO in Brain Concussion
DMSO Combined with a Glycolytic Intermediate
DMSO in Experimental Brain Ischemia
Ethical Considerations for Using Nonhuman Primates in CNS Injuries
Role of DMSO in Experimental Stroke
DMSO in Missile Injury to the Brain
DMSO Compared to Mannitol in Missile Injury
DMSO in Aging Research
DMSO in Experimental Dementia
DMSO in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury
DMSO as a Solvent
References
DMSO in Clinical Neuroprotection
Overview of Clinical Traumatic Brain Injury
Head Injury in Children
Cost and Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
Treating Traumatic Brain Injury
DMSO in Traumatic Brain Injury
Optimal DMSO Dose for Traumatic Brain Injury
Comparing DMSO Doses, Duration of Treatment, and Use as a First- or Second-Line Treatment for Traumatic Brain Injury
DMSO in Intracranial Aneurysm Hemorrhage
DMSO Compared to Progesterone for Traumatic Brain Injury
DMSO + Fructose-1,6-Disphosphate (FDP) for Ischemic Stroke
References
Biography
Stanley W. Jacob was a professor emeritus of surgery at the Oregon Health Sciences University in Portland. He received his MD from Ohio State University and completed his surgical training at Beth Israel Hospital in Boston. He was a chief resident in surgery at Harvard Surgical Services and an instructor in surgery at Harvard School of Medicine before he was appointed to the faculty at Oregon Health Sciences University. Dr. Jacob discovered the medicinal properties of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). This discovery led to more than 20,000 publications in such areas as pain, inflammation, scleroderma, interstitial cystitis, arthritis, resistant tuberculosis, cancer, cryobiology, free radicals, stroke, and neuroprotection. Dr. Jacob received many honors during his career and also authored a dozen medical textbooks and more than 170 peer-reviewed articles.
Jack C. de la Torre is an adjunct professor of psychology at the University of Texas in Austin. He began his work on dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the early 1970s shortly after his appointment as assistant professor in neurosurgery at the University of Chicago. Dr. de la Torre’s research revealed DMSO’s ability to quickly reduce intracranial pressure, restore cerebral blood flow, and stabilize respiration in nonhuman primates sustaining lethal traumatic brain injuries. For the next eight years, he extended his brain trauma findings and showed that intravenous administration of DMSO was effective in treating primary and secondary damage following experimental ischemic stroke and spinal cord trauma. Dr. de la Torre has published more than 180 peer-reviewed research articles and written or edited a dozen medical texts on pathology, neurotransmitters, and Alzheimer’s disease.