1st Edition
General Aviation Security Aircraft, Hangars, Fixed-Base Operations, Flight Schools, and Airports
After 9/11, the initial focus from the U.S. government, media, and the public was on security at commercial airports and aboard commercial airlines. Soon, investigation revealed the hijackers had trained at flight schools operating out of general aviation airports, leading to a huge outcry by the media and within the government to mandate security regulations for this flight sector. General Aviation Security: Aircraft, Hangars, Fixed-Base Operations, Flight Schools, and Airports examines the threats against general aviation (GA) and presents resources for security professionals and GA airport owners and operators to develop an impenetrable airport and aircraft security plan.
Following an overview of general aviation and its inherent security threats, the book explores:
- Physical security for the aviation environment, including intrusion detection systems, cameras, locks, lighting, and window security
- The security force, including recruitment and training
- Security of general aviation aircraft and airports, including runway security and fuel storage
- Airport safety regulations such as the Workers Protection Act and the Bloodborne Pathogens Act
- Emergency response to a range of scenarios, including medical emergencies, fires, gas leaks, and bomb threats
- The security of hangars, fixed-base operations, and flight schools
- Corporate aviation security departments
The book concludes with a study involving the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) Airport Watch Program and the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) security requirements and recommendations for general aviation.
General aviation supports public safety, business, agriculture, commercial airports, aeronautical education, and many aspects of the aviation industry. The book is the first to explore the unique security concerns relevant to general aviation operations.
Dr. Daniel J. Benny was interviewed on video by General Aviation Security Magazine about his article concerning the effects of the Airport Watch Program.General Aviation
General Aviation Aircraft
General Aviation Airports
Fixed-Base Operator
Flight Schools
Importance of General Aviation
Public Safety
Business
Agriculture
Economic Development
Feeder Airport
Promotion of Aviation and Education
Personal Use
The Threat from General Aviation
The Security Threat to General Aviation
Security Threats Against Individuals in the Aviation Environment
Security Threats Against Aircraft
Security Threats Against General Aviation Airports
Security Threats Against Hangars
Security Threats Against the Fixed-Base Operation
Security Threats Against the Flight School
Security Threat from Terrorists Using General Aviation Aircraft
Terrorism and Counterterrorism
Terrorism
Counterterrorism
International Terrorist Organizations
Physical Security for the Aviation Environment
Introduction
Deter Entry
Delay Entry
Detect Entry
Intrusion Detections System
Electromagnetic Contacts
Photoelectric
Lasers
Glass Breakage
Pressure
Vibration
Audio
Ultrasonics
Microwaves
Passive Infrared
Capacitance Proximity
Integrated Fire Protection Sensors
Natural Gas and Carbon Monoxide Detectors
Water Flow
Security Cameras
Lens/Camera
Transmission of the Signal
Monitoring
Digital Recording
Motion Detection
Determining Total System Cost of the Security System
System Design Cost
System Installation Cost
System Operational Cost
Maintenance Cost
Replacement Cost
Locks and Key Control
Mechanical Locks
Wafer Tumbler Lock
Dial Combination Lock
High-Security Dead-Bolt Lock
Card Access Electrified Locks
Exit Locks
Master Locking System
Control of Keys and Locking Devices
Security Barriers and Fencing
Security Lighting
Incandescent
New Fluorescent (to Replace the Incandescent)
Quartz
Mercury Vapor
Sodium Vapor
Window Security
Annealed Glass
Wire-Reinforced Glass
Tempered Glass
Laminated Glass
Annealed Glass with Security Film
Acrylic
Lexan
Bullet-Resistant Material
Other Window Security
Airport/Corporate Aviation Security Force
Introduction
Chief Security Officer
Determining the Size of the Security Force
Mission of the Security Force
Airport Profile and Security Threat
Size of the Airport
Hours of Operation
Number of Employees, Visitors, Pilots, Aircraft
Proprietary Security Force
Contract Security Force
Security Force Uniforms
Security Force Identification
Security Force Protective Equipment
Security Force Training
Professional Security Certifications
Security Force Recruitment and Supervision
Security of General Aviation Aircraft
Aircraft Threat Assessment and Security Plan
Aircraft Documentation
Avionics Documentation
Aircraft Key Control and Locking Devices
Aircraft Intrusion Detection Systems
Aircraft Access and Baggage Control
Aircraft Maintenance Security
In-Flight Security
Remain-Overnight Security
Security of General Aviation Airports
General Aviation Airport Threat Assessment and Security Plan
Security Awareness and Training
Airport Perimeter Security
Airport Access and Key Control
Airport Security Signage
Airport Security Lighting
Airport Security Cameras
Runway Security
Aircraft Tie-Down and Ramp Area Security
Fuel Storage Security
Aerial Working Chemical Storage Security
Internet Security
Airport Safety
Introduction
General Aviation Safety Policy
Safety Culture
Safety Program
Safety Coordinator
Safety and Fire Inspections
General Aviation Aircraft Ground Safety
Fire Protection Equipment
Fire Evacuation Plans and Drills
Right-to-Know Workers Protection Act
Hazardous Chemical Inventory
Material Safety Data Sheets
Container Marking
Hazardous Communications/Right-to-Know Training
Bloodborne Pathogens Act
Bloodborne Pathogens Policy
Availability of the Bloodborne Pathogens Policy to Employees
Review and Update of the Policy
Exposure Determination
Universal Precautions and Engineering Controls
Hepatitis B Vaccination Program
Postexposure Evaluation and Follow-Up Information Provided to the Health Care Professional
Health Care Professional’s Written Evaluation
Medical Record Keeping
Labels and Signs
Information and Training
Hazardous Waste Management
Emergency Response
Introduction
Response to A General Aviation Aircraft Accident
Rescue
Report
Secure
Medical Emergencies
Responding to Medical Emergencies
Treatment of the Victim
Vehicle Accidents
Response
Fires
Notification of Fire
Evacuation
Securing the Scene
Firefighting
Replacement of Extinguishers
Natural Gas Leaks
Important Safety Precautions
Severe Weather and Natural Disasters
Bomb Threats
Notification and Evacuation
Bomb Search
Notification of Bomb Disposal Unit
Reentering
Hostage Situation
Security of General Aviation Hangars
Hangar Security and Safety
Fire Protection
Security of Fixed-Base Operation
Introduction
General Security Matters
Ramp Security Measures
Fixed-Base Operator Security Coordinator
Fixed-Base Security Coordinator Training
Aircraft Security
Aircraft Rentals
Transient Pilots
Reporting Suspicious Activity
Security of the Flight School
Introduction
Transportation Security Administration Security Requirement for Flight Schools
Security Awareness and Training
Access and Key Control
Security Signage
Security Lighting
Security Cameras
Intrusion Detection Systems
Corporate Aviation Security Department
Aircraft Security
Corporate Remain-Overnight Security
Executive and Staff Travel Security
Travel Preparations
Sources of Information
Luggage
In-Flight
Security
Hotel Security
Personal Security In A Foreign Country
Personal Conduct
Arrested
Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association Airport Watch
Overview
Components of the AOPA Airport Watch
A Study of the AOPA Airport Watch
Methodology
Research Questions and Hypotheses
Research Question 1
Results
Statement of the Problem
Conclusions
Recommendations of the Study
Transportation Security Administration Security Requirements and Recommendations for General Aviation
Department of Homeland National Terrorism Advisory System
National Terrorism Advisory System Alerts
Sunset Provision
Transportation Security Administration Large Aircraft Security Program
Transportation Security Administration General Aviation Secure Program
Transportation Security Administration Secure Fixed-Base Operator Program
DCA Access Standard Security Program
The Transportation Security Administration Private Charter Standard Security Program
Maryland Three Program
Transportation Security Administration Flight School Training Requirements
General Aviation Security Resources
Governmental Organizations with Aviation Security Resources
Department of Homeland Security: Transportation Security Administration
Federal Aviation Administration
Federal Bureau of Investigation
U.S. Department of State
Professional Aviation and Security Organizations
American Society for Industrial Security International
Airlines for America (Formerly Air Transport Association)
Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association
American Association of Airport Executives
Aviation Crime Prevention Institute
International Association for Counterterrorism and Security Professionals
Aviation Security: Higher Education
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (Daytona, Prescott, Worldwide Campuses)
Aviation Security Education and Training
Aviation Security Publications
Aviation Security International Magazine
General Aviation Security Magazine
Appendix A: Global Terrorist Groups
Appendix B: Sample General Aviation Airport Security Plan
Appendix C: The Impact of the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association Airport Watch Program on Crime at Pennsylvania General Aviation Airports
Index
Biography
Daniel J. Benny, Ph.D. is the security discipline chair at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He is board certified in security management as a Certified Protection Professional (CPP), board certified as a Professional Certified Investigator (PCI), both by ASIS International; Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE) by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners; Certified Confidentiality Officer (CCO) by the Business Espionage Controls and Countermeasures Association; and Certified Member (CM) Airport Certified Employee-Security (ACE) and Airport Security Coordinator by the American Association of Airport Executives. He is also a licensed private investigator and security consultant. Dr. Benny has authored numerous books and articles on security, aviation, and intelligence topics. He served as a U.S. Naval Intelligence Officer at the Office of Naval Intelligence, Naval Criminal Investigative Service, Willow Grove Naval Air Station, Fleet Rapid Support Team, and Central Intelligence Agency. He is a Federal Aviation Administration licensed private pilot and safety team representative. Dr. Benny is a Cessna C-172 aircraft owner and holds the rank of major with the U.S. Air Force Auxiliary Civil Air Patrol.
"Dr. Benny gives the reader practical slices of airport and general aviations operations … the various organizations, agencies, and associations found at general aviation airports. This is a practical primer which will bring the general aviation security novice up-to-speed on applicable federal regulations, current topics, and generally accepted practices." —GA Security Magazine