Genome Designing of Crops

World agriculture is facing several critical challenges today. These include enormous population, the incidence of chronic diseases and malnutrition, depletion of fossil fuel, reduction in the area of cultivable land, genetic erosion, and above all climate change and global warming. Considering these scenarios, ‘modern’ agricultural strategies including precision agriculture, protected agriculture, urban agriculture, and vertical agriculture are emerging fast. The vision of future agriculture is to sustain health security, nutrition security, energy security, and environment security leading to the concept of FHNEE (food, health, nutrition, energy, and environment) security. Various overlapping ‘natural’ agricultural strategies, such as sustainable agriculture, conservation agriculture, regenerative agriculture, organic agriculture, and traditional agriculture are also being seriously considered. In the future, the breeding of high-yielding climate-ready crop varieties should also emphasize improved content of nutrition and nutraceuticals, use of biomass for photo energy feedstock, and lesser input requirement. The ‘crops of the future’ should also be ‘fit’ to the specific needs of the ‘modern’ or ‘natural’ agricultural strategies. Proper utilization of gene pools and regularly growing genomic database, and precise application of crop improvement techniques specifically, molecular and sequence-assisted breeding, and genome editing will pave the way for ‘designing crop genomes’ for next-generation agriculture.