This work provides a basic understanding of the physical background and engineering considerations required for the design of IR systems, examining all components and combining them into examples of current surveillance systems. This second edition presents: new coverage of state-of-the-art optical systems, including lightweight mirrors and adaptive optics; planar-hybrid and Z-technology focal planes; the design of a ground-based IR astronomical telescope and the performance equations of laser-radar systems; and more.
About the Series
Preface
What is Infrared?
How It All Began
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Waveband Names
IR Based on Physiology
Radiation Laws
Radiation Laws in Photons
Symbols, Unity, Nomenclature
References
Infrared Radiometry
Pure Radiometry
Spectral Radiant Sterance (Spectral Radiance)
Spectral Radiant Intensity
Radiometric Relationships (Identities)
IR Radiometry
Transfer of Radiant Energy
IR System Relationship
References
Infrared Sources
Introduction
Targets and Backgrounds
Infrared Sources
Target Detection
Origin of Infrared Emission
Natural Sources
Black- and Graybodies
Earth Backgrounds
Sky Backgrounds
References
Atmospherics
Introduction
Atmospheric Attenuation
Scattering
References
Optics
Introduction
Visible/IR Differences
Power Transfer Through a Material
Useful Definitions
Geometric Image Formation Rules
Telescopes
Diffraction and Detector Size
Optical Defects
Special infrared Optics
Optical Design
Filters
Straylight Rejection
System Considerations
State of the Art
References
Detectors and Focal Planes
Introduction
History
Semiconductor Devices
Detector Performance
Arrays of Detectors and Focal Plane Assemblies
References
Starers Versus Scanners
Introduction
Basic Concepts
Starer Versus Scanner Performance
References
Thermal Images
Introduction
Scan Methods
Forward-Looking Infrared Radiometer (FLIR) Imaging
Electronic Zoom
Improved Thermal Resolution
Anamorphic Optics
Improved Scan Mechanism
DC Restoration and Automatic Responsivity Control
Detector Uniformity-Staring Arrays
References
Signal Processing
Introduction
State of the Art
Detection, Correlation, and Tracking
A Comparison of Planar and Z-Technology Focal Planes for Dim Target Detection
References
Systems
Introduction
Development of the Range Equation
System Concepts and Applications
Laser Radar Systems
References
Processors
Introduction
Requirements and Design Implications
State of the Art
References
Cryogenic Coolers
Introduction
Expendable Cryogens
Static Cooling Systems
Active Cooling Systems (for Space Systems)
Active Refrigeration Systems
References
Testing
Introduction
Testing of Focal Plane Arrays
Testing at the System Level
References
Simulation and Modeling
Introduction
The Sensor Model
The Scene Model
References
Appendix: Visual Magnitudes and Plates, Spheres and Cylinders Under Solar Illumination
Introduction
Plate
Sphere
Cylinder
Index
Biography
Monroe Schlessinger
". . .The author provides a great deal of material derived from his extensive experience in designing and simulating infrared systems. Much of this material is not available elsewhere in book form. . .The treatment of hardware design tradeoffs is excellent. . . The book also provides unusual depth on hardware and algorithms for detection and track estimation. "
---Optics & Photonics News
". . .a valuable overview. . .useful to both those working in the field or attempting to design systems. "
---Indian Journal of Physics