To achieve environmental sustainability in industrial plants, resource conservation activities such as material recovery have begun incorporating process integration techniques for reusing and recycling water, utility gases, solvents, and solid waste. Process Integration for Resource Conservation presents state-of-the-art, cost-effective techniques, including pinch analysis and mathematical optimization, for numerous conservation problems.
Following the holistic philosophy of process integration, the author emphasizes the goal of setting performance targets ahead of detailed design. He explains various industrial examples step by step and offers demo software and other materials online. Ideal for students preparing for real-world work as well as industrial practitioners, the text provides a systematic guide to the latest process integration techniques for performing material recovery in process plants.
Introduction
Motivating Examples
Process Synthesis and Analysis
Process Integration: A Brief Overview
Strategies for Material Recovery and Types of RCNs
Problem Statements
Structure of the Book
Data Extraction for Resource Conservation
Segregation for Material Sources
Extraction of Limiting Data for Material Sink for Concentration-Based RCN
Data Extraction for Mass Exchange Processes
Data Extraction for Hydrogen-Consuming Units in Refinery
Data Extraction for Property Integration
Additional Readings
PART I INSIGHT-BASED PINCH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES
Graphical Targeting Techniques for Direct Reuse/Recycle
Material Recovery Pinch Diagram
Significance of the Pinch and Insights from MRPD
Targeting for Multiple Resources
Targeting for Threshold Problems
Targeting for Property Integration
Additional Readings
Algebraic Targeting Techniques for Direct Reuse/Recycle
Generic Procedure for Material Cascade Analysis Technique
Targeting for Multiple Fresh Resources
Targeting for Threshold Problems
Targeting for Property Integration with Inferior Property Operator Level
Process Changes for Resource Conservation Networks
Plus–Minus Principle
Algebraic Targeting Approach for Material Regeneration Networks
Types of Interception Units
Targeting for Single Pass Interception Unit
Modeling of Mass Exchange Operation as Interception Unit
Additional Readings
Network Design and Evolution Techniques
Procedure for Nearest Neighbor Algorithm
Design for Direct Material Reuse/Recycle and the Matching Matrix
Design for Material Regeneration Network
Network Evolution Techniques
Additional Readings
Targeting for Waste Treatment and Total Material Networks
Total Material Network
Generic Procedure for Waste Stream Identification
Waste Identification for Material Regeneration Network
Targeting for Minimum Waste Treatment Flowrate
Insights from the WTPD
Additional Readings
Synthesis of Pretreatment Network
Basic Modeling of a Partitioning Interception Unit
Pretreatment Pinch Diagram
Insights on Design Principles from PPD
Pretreatment Network Design with Nearest Neighbor Algorithm
Synthesis of Inter-Plant Resource Conservation Networks
Types of IPRCN Problems
Generic Targeting Procedure for IPRCN
Design of IPRCN
IPRCN with Material Regeneration and Waste Treatment
Additional Readings
Synthesis of Batch Material Networks
Types of Batch Resource Consumption Units
Targeting Procedure for Direct Reuse/Recycle in a BMN without Mass Storage System
Targeting Procedure for Direct Reuse/Recycle in a BMN with Mass Storage System
Targeting for Batch Regeneration Network
Design of a BMN
Waste Treatment and Batch Total Network
Additional Readings
PART II MATHEMATICAL OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES
Synthesis of Resource Conservation Networks: A Superstructural Approach
Superstructural Model for Direct Reuse/Recycle Network
Incorporation of Process Constraints
Capital and Total Cost Estimations
Reducing Network Complexity
Superstructural Model for Material Regeneration Network
Superstructural Model for Inter-Plant Resource Conservation Networks
Additional Readings
Automated Targeting Model for Direct Reuse/Recycle Networks
Basic Framework and Mathematical Formulation of ATM
Incorporation of Process Constraints into ATM
ATM for Property Integration with Inferior Operator Level
ATM for Bilateral Problems
Automated Targeting Model for Material Regeneration and Pretreatment Networks
Types of Interception Units and Their Characteristics
ATM for RCN with Single Pass Interception Unit of Fixed Outlet Quality Type
ATM for RCN with Single Pass Interception Unit of Removal Ratio Type
Modeling for Partitioning Interception Unit(s) of Fixed Outlet Quality Type
Modeling for Partitioning Interception Unit(s) of Removal Ratio Type
ATM for RCN with Partitioning Interception Unit(s)
ATM for Pretreatment Networks
Additional Readings
Automated Targeting Model for Waste Treatment and Total Material Networks
ATM for Waste Treatment Network
ATM for TMN without Waste Recycling
ATM for TMN with Waste Recycling
Additional Readings
Automated Targeting Model for Inter-Plant Resource Conservation Networks
ATM for Direct Integration Scheme—Direct Material Reuse/Recycle
ATM for Direct Integration Scheme: RCNs with Individual Interception Unit
ATM for IPRCNs with Centralized Utility Facility
Insights from ATM for IPRCN Synthesis
Further Reading
Automated Targeting Model for Batch Material Networks
Basic ATM Procedure for Batch Material Networks
ATM for Direct Reuse/Recycle Network
ATM for Batch Regeneration Network
ATM for Batch Total Network
Further Reading
Appendix: Case Studies and Examples
Index
Problems and References appear at the end of each chapter.
Biography
Dominic C.Y. Foo, Ph.D., P.E., is a Professor of Process Design and Integration and the founding director of the Centre of Excellence for Green Technologies at the University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus. Professor Foo has authored more than 70 journal papers and made more than 120 conference presentations. He has been a recipient of the Innovator of the Year Award from the Institution of Chemical Engineers UK (IChemE) and the Young Engineer Award from the Institution of Engineers Malaysia (IEM).
In this book, Dr. Foo manages to elegantly transform the theories and concepts into effective educational tools, exciting reading materials, and very useful applications. … Overall, this is an excellent contribution that will benefit numerous researchers, students, and process engineers and will serve the cause of sustainability worldwide.
—From the Foreword, Mahmoud El-Halwagi, Texas A&M UniversityThe main contribution of this textbook is that it brings together a family of systematic design tools that can be used to determine the most cost-effective measures to implement recycle and reuse of process streams in industrial plants. … suitable for a wide range of audiences, from advanced undergraduate students to practicing engineers from the process industries. … this excellent book comes at just the right time to teach the next generation of process designers how to ‘save the planet’ more systematically and intelligently.
—From the Foreword, Raymond R. Tan, De La Salle University-ManilaThis book collects all fundamentals aspects of process integration to enable readers to address issues related to resource management. I strongly recommend this book to everyone interested in the field of process integration."
—Santanu Bandyopadhyay, IIT BombayThis book serves as good material for process integration … it [also] offers good knowledge of material recovery that helps people [acquire the] basics for doing further research or practical application.
—Cheng-Liang Chen, National Taiwan UniversityThe chapters are written very well and cover all the topics in sufficient detail and clarity. … a wonderful and relevant contribution to the field of process integration.
—T. Majozi, University of Pretoria