1st Edition
Surface Impedance Boundary Conditions A Comprehensive Approach
Surface Impedance Boundary Conditions is perhaps the first effort to formalize the concept of SIBC or to extend it to higher orders by providing a comprehensive, consistent, and thorough approach to the subject.
The product of nearly 12 years of research on surface impedance, this book takes the mystery out of the largely overlooked SIBC. It provides an understanding that will help practitioners select, use, and develop these efficient modeling tools for their own applications. Use of SIBC has often been viewed as an esoteric issue, and they have been applied in a very limited way, incorporated in computation as an ad hoc means of simplifying the treatment for specific problems.
Apply a Surface Impedance "Toolbox" to Develop SIBCs for Any Application
The book not only outlines the need for SIBC but also offers a simple, systematic method for constructing SIBC of any order based on a perturbation approach. The formulation of the SIBC within common numerical techniques—such as the boundary integral equations method, the finite element method, and the finite difference method—is discussed in detail and elucidated with specific examples.
Since SIBC are often shunned because their implementation usually requires extensive modification of existing software, the authors have mitigated this problem by developing SIBCs, which can be incorporated within existing software without system modification.
The authors also present:
- Conditions of applicability, and errors to be expected from SIBC inclusion
- Analysis of theoretical arguments and mathematical relationships
- Well-known numerical techniques and formulations of SIBC
- A practical set of guidelines for evaluating SIBC feasibility and maximum errors their use will produce
A careful mix of theory and practical aspects, this is an excellent tool to help anyone acquire a solid grasp of SIBC and maximize their implementation potential.
Classical Surface Impedance Boundary Conditions
Skin Effect Approximation
SIBCs of the Order of Leontovich’s Approximation
High-Order SIBCs
Rytov’s Approach
References
General Perturbation Approach to Derivation of Surface
Impedance Boundary Conditions
Local Coordinates
Perturbation Technique
Tangential Components
Normal Components
Normal Derivatives
Components of the Curl Operator
Surface Impedance ‘‘Toolbox’’ Concept
Numerical Example
Appendix
SIBCs in Terms of Various Formalisms
Basic Equations
Electric Field–Magnetic Field Formalism
Magnetic Scalar Potential Formalism
Magnetic Vector Potential Formalism
Common Representation of Various SIBCs Using a Surface Impedance Function
Surface Impedance near Corners and Edges
Calculation of the Electromagnetic Field Characteristics in the Conductor’s Skin Layer
Distributions across the Skin Layer
Resistance and Internal Inductance
Forces Acting on the Conductor
Derivation of SIBCs for Nonlinear and Nonhomogeneous Problems
Coupled Electromagnetic-Thermal Problems
Magnetic Materials
Nonhomogeneous Conductors
Implementation of SIBCs for the Boundary Integral Equation Method: Low-Frequency Problems
Two-Dimensional Problems
Three-Dimensional Problems
Properties of the Surface Impedance Function
Boundary Element Formulations for Two- and Three-Dimensional Problems in Invariant Form
Numerical Examples
Quasi-Three-Dimensional Integro-Differential Formulation for Symmetric Systems of Conductors
Implementation of SIBCs for the Boundary Integral Equation Method: High-Frequency Problems
Integral Representations of High-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields
SIBCs for Lossy Dielectrics
Direct Implementation of SIBCs into the Surface Integral Equations
Implementation Using the Perturbation Technique
Numerical Example
Appendix
Implementation of SIBCs for Volume Discretization Methods
Statement of the Problem
Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method
Finite Integration Technique
Finite-Element Method
Appendix
Application and Experimental Validation of the SIBC Concept
Selection of the Surface Impedance Boundary Conditions for a Given Problem
Experimental Validation of SIBCs
Appendix A: Review of Numerical Methods
Index
Biography
Sergey Yuferev was born in St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1964. He received his MSc in computational fluid mechanics from St. Petersburg Technical University, St. Petersburg, in 1987, and his Ph.D. in computational electromagnetic from the A.F. Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg, in 1992. From 1987 to 1998, he worked at with the Dense Plasma Dynamics Laboratory, A.F. Ioffe Institute. From 1999 to 2000, he was a visiting associate professor at the University of Akron, Akron, Ohio. Since 2000, he has been with the Nokia Corporation, Tampere, Finland. His current research interests include numerical and analytical methods of computational electromagnetics and their application to electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic interference problems of mobile phones.
Nathan Ida is currently a distinguished professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Akron, Akron, Ohio. He teaches electromagnetics, antenna theory, electromagnetic compatibility, sensing and actuation, and computational methods and algorithms. His current research interests include numerical modeling of electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic wave propagation, theoretical issues in computation, and nondestructive testing of materials at low and microwave frequencies as well as in communications, especially, in low-power remote control and wireless sensing. He has published extensively on electromagnetic field computation, parallel and vector algorithms and computation, nondestructive testing of materials, surface impedance boundary conditions, and other topics. He is the author of three books and co-author of a fourth. Dr. Ida is a fellow of the IEEE and the American Society of Nondestructive Testing.