1st Edition
The Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Institutional and Community Corrections
The authors of the chapters included in this volume provide preliminary answers to questions such as:
- How extensive were COVID-19 outbreaks in prisons, jails, and community corrections systems globally? Which regions and countries reported the largest outbreaks?
- Why were prisons and jails found to be "hot spots" for the spread of COVID-19 in most countries?
- How did governments initially respond to COVID-19 outbreaks in their corrections systems?
- Did the mitigation strategies used in each country reduce the spread of the infection in the corrections system (both in prisons and jails, and in community corrections)?
- Did the corrections-focused mitigation strategies used in each country have a positive or an adverse impact on public health and public safety?
- How likely is it that the varied short-term mitigation strategies implemented by governments will result in long-term changes in corrections policies and practices?
The book includes three chapters examining the global impact of the COVID-19 outbreaks, six regional overviews, and 27 country-specific reviews, including reviews targeting 21 of the 50 largest prison systems globally. This collection will be an excellent resource for researchers, policymakers, practitioners, and the general public interested in knowing more about the nature and extent of COVID-19 outbreaks in corrections systems globally, and about the diversity of responses developed and implemented by governments from each global region.
The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal Victims & Offenders.
Introduction
James Byrne, Don Hummer, and Sabrina S. Rapisarda
Global Impact Assessment
1. The Global Impact of the Pandemic on Institutional and Community Corrections: Assessing Short-Term Crisis Management and Long-Term Change Strategies
Kathryn M. Nowonty and Alex R. Piquero
2. Commentary: Assessing the Global Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Prison Populations
Catherine Heard
3. An Imperfect Storm: Identifying the Root Causes of COVID-19 Outbreaks in the World’s Largest Corrections Systems
James Byrne, Sabrina S. Rapisarda, Don Hummer, and Kimberly R. Kras
Africa Regional Overview and Reports from Kenya and South Africa
4. An Examination of COVID-19 Outbreaks in African Prisons and Jails
Sabrina S. Rapisarda and James M. Byrne
5. The Silver Lining in the Covid-19 Cloud: An Appraisal of Accelerated Prison Decongestion in Kenya
Mercy Deche and Conrad Bosire
6. The Social and Environmental Implications of the Novel Coronavirus on Institutional and Community Corrections in South Africa
Kimberly R. Kras and Lincoln Fitz
Asia Regional Overview and Reports from China, South Korea, Pakistan, India, and the Philippines
7. An Examination of COVID-19 Outbreaks in Prisons and Jails Throughout Asia
Sabrina S. Rapisarda and James M. Byrne
8. Correctional System’s Response to the Coronavirus Pandemic and Its Implications for Prison Reform in China
Spencer D. Li and Tzu-Hsuan Liu
9. Lock Unlock: The Impact of COVID-19 on Health Security in Pakistani and Indian Prisons
Jared R. Dmello and Sheetal Ranjan
10. National Responses for Persons Deprived of Liberty during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Philippines
Michael B. Cahapay
11. South Korea’s Responses regarding Mitigating the COVID-19 Crisis behind Bars
Claire Seungeun Lee
Latin and South America Regional Overview and Reports from Mexico, Argentina, Columbia, Chile, Brazil, El Salvador, Guatemala, And Honduras
12. An Examination of COVID-19 Outbreaks in South American Prisons and Jails
Sabrina S. Rapisarda, James M. Byrne, and Lina Marmolejo
13. The Brazilian Penitentiary System under the Threat of COVID-19
Ludmila Ribeiro and Alexandre M. A. Diniz
14. Assessing the Effects of COVID-19 in Prisons in the Northern Triangle of Central America
Wayne J. Pitts and Christopher S. Inkpen
15. Responding to COVID-19 in Latin American Prisons: The Cases of Argentina, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico
Lina Marmolejo, Daniela Barberi, Marcelo Bergman, Olga Espinoza, and Gustavo Fondevila
16. Women Providing and Men Free Riding: Work, Visits and Gender Roles in Mexican Prisons
Carolina Agoff, Sveinung Sandberg, and Gustavo Fondevila
Europe Regional Overview and Reports from Spain, Portugal, Italy, Germany, Russia, Romania, Sweden, and the United Kingdom
17. The Impact of COVID-19 Outbreaks in the Prisons, Jails, and Community Corrections Systems Throughout Europe
Sabrina S. Rapisarda and James M. Byrne
18. The Impact of Covid-19 on Prisons and Penal Policy in Germany
Frieder Dünkel
19. Fears of COVID-19 Contagion and the Italian Prison System Response
April Pattavina and Michael J. Palmieri
20. An Examination of The Romanian Prison System During The COVID-19 pandemic. Are "Zero Cases" Possible?
Ioan Durnescu and Ioana Morar
21. The Penitentiary System of Russia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Challenge and Initial Results
Sergei Ovchinnikov
22. Corrections and Crime in Spain and Portugal during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Impact, Prevention and Lessons for the Future
Santiago Redondo, Rui Abrunhosa Gonçalves, Javier Nistal, Carlos Soler, José Semedo Moreira, Joana Andrade, and Antonio Andrés-Pueyo
23. Telematic Control and Semi-Freedom as a Response to the Pandemic: The Spanish Penitentiary System Experience
Esther Montero Perez de Tudela
24. Sweden’s Response to the COVID-19 Outbreak
Maria Lindström, Emma Ahlstrand, and Jenny Kärrholm
25. Responses Taken to Mitigate COVID-19 in Prisons in England and Wales
Pauline K. Brennan
North America Regional Overview and Reports from USA and Canada
26. An Examination of COVID-19 Outbreaks in Prisons and Jails in North America, Central America, and the Caribbean
Sabrina S. Rapisarda, James Byrne, and Lina Marmolejo
27. Institutional Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic in American Prisons
Meghan A. Novisky, Chelsey S. Narvey, and Daniel C. Semenza
28. United States Bureau of Prisons’ Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Don Hummer
29. Adaptations to COVID-19 in Community Corrections Agencies across the United States
Jill Viglione, Lucas M. Alward, Ashley Lockwood, and Sara Bryson
30. The Response to the COVID19 Crisis by the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections
John E. Wetzel and Janeen M. Davis
31. A Case Study of the Westchester County New York’s Jail Response to COVID-19: Controlling COVID while Balancing Service Needs for the Incarcerated-A National Model for Jails
Kimberly Collica-Cox and Louis Molina
32. British Columbia Provincial Corrections’ Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Correctional Policy and Practice
Danielle J. Murdoch
33. Management of COVID-19 for Persons with Mental Illness in Secure Units: A Rapid International Review to Inform Practice in Québec
Ashley J. Lemieux, Audrey-Anne Dumais Michaud, Jean Damasse, Julie-Katia Morin-Major, To Nhu Nguyen, Alain Lesage, and Anne G. Crocker
Oceania Regional Overview and Reports from Australia and New Zealand
34. An Examination of COVID-19 Outbreaks in Prisons and Jails in Oceania
Sabrina S. Rapisarda and James M. Byrne
35. COVID-19 and Corrections in Australia: A Summary Review of the Available Data and Literature
Jason L. Payne and Natalia Hanley
36. "We Must Go Hard and We Must Go Early": How New Zealand Halted Coronavirus in the Community and Corrections
Laura J. Murray and Kimberly R. Kras
Biography
James M. Byrne is Professor in the School of Criminology and Justice Studies at the University of Massachusetts Lowell, and Director of the Global Community Corrections Initiative (www.glob.cci.org). His edited texts include The Social Ecology of Crime (1986), Smart Sentencing: The Emergence of Intermediate Sanctions (1994), The New Technology of Crime, Law and Social Control (2007), and The Culture of Prison Violence (2008).
Don Hummer is Associate Professor in the School of Public Affairs, Penn State Harrisburg. His research focuses on corrections policy, violence, and the implications of technological advances for justice system actors. He is co-editor of The Culture of Prison Violence (2008) and Handbook of Police Administration (2008).
Sabrina S. Rapisarda is doctoral student in the School of Criminology and Justice Studies at the University of Massachusetts Lowell. Much of Sabrina’s work has been anchored in the public health framework. Her current research investigates various aspects of the criminal justice system’s response to COVID-19.
