Preface Introduction, L. Hettinger and M. Haas GENERAL ISSUES IN THE DESIGN AND USE OF VIRTUAL AND ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTS Visual Perception of Egocentric Distance in Real and Virtual Environments, J. Loomis and J. Knapp A Unified Approach to Presence and Motion Sickness, J. Prothero and D. Parker Transfer of Training in Virtual Environments: Issues for Human Performance, M. Sebrechts, C. Lathan, D. Clawson, M. Miller, and C. Trepagnier Beyond the Limits of Real-Time Realism: Moving From Stimulation Correspondence to Information Correspondence, P.J. Stappers, W. Gaver, and K. Overbeeke On the Nature and Evaluation of Fidelity in Virtual Environments, T. Stoffregen, B. Bardy, L.J. Smart, and R. Pagulayan Adapting to Telesystems, R. Welch VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS A Tongue-Based Tactile Display for Portrayal of Environmental Characteristics, P. Bach-y-Rita, K. Kaczmarek, and M. Tyler Spatial Audio Displays for Target Acquisition and Speech Communications, R. Bolia and W.T. Nelson, Learning Action Plans in a Virtual Environment, S. Goss and A. Pearce Fidelity of Disparity-Based Stereopsis, I. Howard Configural Scoring of Simulator Sickness, Cybersickness, and Space Adaptation Syndrome: Similarities and Differences, R.S. Kennedy, J.M. Drexler, D.E. Compton, K.M. Stanney, D.S. Lanham, and D.L. Harm A Cybernetic Analysis of the Tunnel-in-the-Sky Display, M. Mulder, H. Stassen, and J.A. Mulder Alternative Control Technology for Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles: Human Factors Considerations, W.T. Nelson, T.R. Anderson, and G.R. McMillan Medical Applications of Virtual Reality, R. Satava and S. Jones Face-to-Face Communication, N.M. Thalmann, P. Kalra, and M. Escher Integration of Human Factors Aspects in the Design of Spatial Navigation Displays, E. Theunissen Implementing Perception-Action Coupling for Laparoscopy, F. Voorhorst, K. Overbeeke, and G. Smets Psychological and Physiological Issues in the Medical Use of Virtual Reality, T. Yamaguchi ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTS Supporting the Adaptive Human Expert: A Critical Element in the Design of Meaning Processing Systems, J. Flach and C. Dominguez A Human Factors Approach to Adaptive Aids, S. Hourlier, J-Y. Grau, and C. Valot Adaptive Pilot/Vehicle Interfaces for the Tactical Air Environment, S.S. Mulgund, G. Rinkus, and G. Zacharias The Implementation of Psycho-Electrophysiological Interface Technologies for the Control and Feedback of Interactive Virtual Environments, A. Sagi-Dolev